Place the lentils and 2 tbsp of salt in a heatproof bowl. Cover with 4 cups of boiling water and let sit for 30 minutes.
Chop the celery and carrot, and garlic. Chop 3/4 of the onion and then finely dice the other 1/4 and keep it separate for later. Heat a dutch oven or soup pot over medium heat and add your peeled and diced chorizo. Cook the chorizo, stirring frequently until it renders some of it's fat and gets a bit crispy, 5 minutes or so. Remove with a strainer and drain on paper towels.
Reduce heat to low and add 2 tbsp olive oil to the chorizo fat and add the chopped vegetables, 1 tbsp parsley, and a tsp of salt (reserve your chopped garlic and finely chopped onion for later). Still occasionally and cook until the vegetables are soft, about 10 minutes.
Add the lentils and sherry vinegar. Increase the heat to medium high and cook, stirring frequently until the vinegar starts to evaporate, about 3-4 minutes.
Add 7 cups of water, the chorizo, bay leaves, and cloves. Bring to a boil and reduce heat to a simmer. Cover and cook until lentils are tender, about 30 min.
Heat the other 3 tbsp oil in a sauce pan over medium until hot. Add the paprika, garlic, finely chopped onion and 1/2 tsp pepper. Cook until fragrant, about 2 minutes. Add the flour and cook, stirring constantly for another minute. Stir this mixture into the lentils and cook for another 10-15 minutes. Season with salt, pepper, remaining chopped parsley and extra sherry vinegar as desired.